Rise of the Mongols offers readers a selection of five important works that detail the rise of the Mongol Empire through Chinese eyes. Three of these works were written by officials of South China's Southern Song dynasty and two are from officials from North China writing in the service of the Mongol rulers. Together, these accounts offer a view of the early Mongol Empire very different not just from those of Muslim and Christian travelers and chroniclers, but also from the Mongol tradition embodied in The Secret History of Mongols.

The five Chinese source texts (in English translation, each with their own preface):

Selections from Random Notes from Court and Country since the Jianyan Years, vol.2, by Li Xinchuan

"A Memorandum on the Mong-Tatars," by Zhao Gong

"A Sketch of the Black Tatars," by Peng Daya and Xu Ting

"Spirit-Path Stele for His Honor Yelü, Director of the Secretariat," by Song Zizhen

"Notes on a Journey," by Zhang Dehui

Also included are an introduction, index, bibliography, and appendices covering notes on the texts, tables and charts, and a glossary of Chinese and transcribed terms.