Manfred is a dramatic poem written in 1816–1817 by Lord Byron. It contains supernatural elements, in keeping with the popularity of the ghost story in England at the time. It is a typical example of a Romantic closet drama. Manfred was adapted musically by Robert Schumann in 1852, in a composition entitled Manfred: Dramatic Poem with music in Three Parts. In this version Sir Thomas Beecham conducts the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra with Laidman Browne, Jill Balcon and David Enders reading the poem.