Remembering all the elements required to lay a proper foundation can be difficult. Take the simple admission of a letter. First you have to authenticate the document, then demonstrate that it complies with the best evidence rule if its terms are in issue, then show that it is not hearsay if you intend to use its contents.

Trial Evidence Foundations is a handy courtroom guide that will keep you from overlooking any required foundational elements, and point out when your opponent has. Gordon P. Cleary and John A. Tarantino's book contains the rule, elements, tactics, and key cases for most foundations, including:

Witnesses